In the field of wind generated power there are several designs of equipment used to capture the power of the wind and convert it to electricity. Most of the designs follow the typical style of a windmill, or airplane style propeller that sits atop a tower and rotates to catch the wind. The Savonius wind turbine style is different in design because it's a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT). This means that the real piece of the turbine that spins looks more like a rotating canister that attach to a vertical shaft coupled to the generator which is also mounted vertically near the ground. This vertical cylinder then catches the wind, rotates the shaft to the generator to deliver the electrical current.
The beginning design of this form of wind turbine was made in 1922 by Sigurd Savonius, a Finnish engineer. This type of turbine is used today often because of it's straightforward design and reliability. Also, because it spins on a horizontal axis, there is no need to have a directional gadget to keep the unit aligned with the wind direction like other models. It can catch the wind in any direction and reacts immediately to changes in wind direction. This kind of turbine is considered a "drag style" turbine from an aerodynamic prospective.
It is designed on the principle that because of the canisters shape, it experiences more drag when moving with the wind than against it and it benefits from the differential created and converts it to rotation. Since in general drag design turbines are less efficient, it does not create as much power as the more popular horizontal cousin, but can still have a wide range of applications. This kind of wind turbine is used in most of the atmospheric surveillance stations around the world because these tend to be located in remote areas and the importance of dependability and low power consumption make the Savonius wind turbine a sound choice.
They are also used on other isolated locations like buoys far out in the ocean. They are also sometimes used to draw attention to advertising signs. In this application they are not used to generate any power, but have opposite sides painted contrasting colors to clutch your attention as they spin. So, the Savonius wind turbine is a very unique design that lends itself to many varied applications. Its reliability and simplicity make it the unequaled choice for situations that require low power generation, but rock solid performance
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